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李晓阳, 李冠男, 徐宁, 张丙祥, 王锐, 王玲姝.基于PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路探讨火针治疗坐骨神经损伤大鼠的作用机制[J].湖南中医药大学学报,2026,46(1):62-69[点击复制] |
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| 基于PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路探讨火针治疗坐骨神经损伤大鼠的作用机制 |
| 李晓阳,李冠男,徐宁,张丙祥,王锐,王玲姝 |
| (黑龙江中医药大学, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040;黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040) |
| 摘要: |
| 目的 基于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）/蛋白激酶B（Akt）/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）信号通路探究火针治疗坐骨神经损伤大鼠的作用机制。方法 采用止血钳挤压法构建坐骨神经压迫损伤模型大鼠，将造模成功的36只大鼠随机均分为模型组与火针组，未进行造模处理（仅暴露神经不进行钳夹处理）的18只大鼠作为假手术组。造模成功后，假手术组与模型组大鼠仅捆绑固定处理，火针组大鼠在捆绑固定后于患侧环跳、委中穴进行火针干预，每隔1天干预1次，疗程14 d。在干预1、7、14 d后检测各组大鼠坐骨神经功能指数（SFI）以评估其运动功能，腓肠肌湿重比与Masson染色评估患侧肌肉萎缩程度，透射电镜观察坐骨神经超微形态变化，免疫荧光检测髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）表达，Western blot检测p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR相对表达。结果 干预7、14 d后，与假手术组相比，模型组大鼠步态出现明显无力、拖拽现象，SFI评分显著降低（P＜0.01），患侧腓肠肌湿重比显著降低（P＜0.01），透射电镜下坐骨神经轴索萎缩、髓鞘板层明显分离，MBP蛋白表达显著降低（P＜0.01），坐骨神经p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR相对表达显著升高（P＜0.01）；与模型组相比，火针组大鼠步态逐渐恢复正常，足趾印记逐步清晰，SFI评分显著升高（P＜0.01），腓肠肌湿重比显著升高（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），肌肉萎缩程度大幅改善，透射电镜下坐骨神经轴突和髓鞘逐渐恢复，MBP蛋白表达显著升高（P＜0.01），坐骨神经p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR相对表达升高（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）。与干预1 d后比较，火针组干预7、14 d 后SFI评分、MBP蛋白表达及坐骨神经p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR相对表达均升高（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），干预7 d后患侧腓肠肌湿重比显著降低（P＜0.01）；与干预7 d后比较，火针组干预14 d后 SFI评分、患侧腓肠肌湿重比、MBP蛋白表达及坐骨神经p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR相对表达均升高（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）。结论 火针干预可有效促进坐骨神经损伤大鼠的神经恢复，改善其运动功能，其机制可能与激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号信号通路，促进神经再生和再髓鞘化有关。 |
| 关键词: 坐骨神经损伤 火针 PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路 腓肠肌湿重比 坐骨神经功能指数 髓鞘碱性蛋白 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2026.01.008 |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-28 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（82074271）；黑龙江省中医药科研项目（ZHY2024-172）。 |
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| Mechanism of action of fire needle therapy in treating sciatic nerve injury in rats based on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway |
| LI Xiaoyang, LI Guannan, XU Ning, ZHANG Bingxiang, WANG Rui, WANG Lingshu |
| (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To explore the mechanism of action of fire needle therapy in treating sciatic nerve injury in rats based on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Methods A sciatic nerve compression injury model was established in rats by using hemostatic forceps to apply pressure. Thirty-six successfully modeled rats were randomly and evenly divided into model group and fire needle group. Another 18 rats that did not undergo modeling (only exposed the nerve without clamping) served as sham-operation group. After successful modeling, rats in the sham-operation and model groups were only subjected to binding and fixation. Rats in the fire needle group received fire needle intervention at the "Huantiao (GB30)" and "Weizhong (BL40)" acupoints on the affected side after binding and fixation, with an intervention frequency of once every other day and a treatment course of 14 days. At 1, 7, and 14 days after intervention, the sciatic nerve function index (SFI) of rats in each group was measured to assess their motor function. The wet weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle and Masson staining were used to evaluate the degree of muscle atrophy on the affected side. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the ultrastructural changes of the sciatic nerve. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), and Western blot was used to measure the relative expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR. Results At 7 and 14 days after intervention, compared with the sham-operation group, rats in the model group showed significant weakness and dragging in their gait, with a significantly decreased SFI score (P＜0.01). The wet weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle on the affected side was significantly lower (P＜0.01). Transmission electron microscopy revealed axonal atrophy and obvious separation of the myelin sheath lamellae in the sciatic nerve. The expression of MBP was significantly lower (P＜0.01), and the relative expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR in the sciatic nerve were significantly higher (P＜0.01). Compared with the model group, rats in the fire needle group gradually regained normal gait, with gradually clearer toe prints. The SFI score was significantly higher (P＜0.01), and the wet weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle was significantly higher (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). The degree of muscle atrophy was significantly alleviated. Transmission electron microscopy showed gradual recovery of the axons and myelin sheaths in the sciatic nerve. The expression of MBP was significantly higher (P＜0.01), and the relative expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR in the sciatic nerve were higher (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). Compared with 1 day after intervention, the SFI score, MBP expression, and the relative expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR in the sciatic nerve of the fire needle group were all higher at 7 and 14 days after intervention (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). The wet weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle on the affected side was significantly lower at 7 days after intervention (P＜0.01). Compared with 7 days after intervention, the SFI score, the wet weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle on the affected side, MBP expression, and the relative expressions of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR in the sciatic nerve of the fire needle group were all higher at 14 days after intervention (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). Conclusion Fire needle intervention can effectively promote nerve recovery and improve motor function in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Its mechanism may be related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which promotes nerve regeneration and remyelination. |
| Key words: sciatic nerve injury fire needle PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway gastrocnemius muscle wet weight ratio sciatic nerve function index myelin basic protein |
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