| 引用本文: |
谭朵廷, 孟骊冲, 凌洁, 胡志希.马王堆医书中诊断的运用与特色探讨[J].湖南中医药大学学报,2025,45(5):970-975[点击复制] |
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| 马王堆医书中诊断的运用与特色探讨 |
| 谭朵廷,孟骊冲,凌洁,胡志希 |
| (湖南中医药大学, 湖南 长沙 410208;湖南省中医药研究院, 湖南 长沙 410013) |
| 摘要: |
| 精确诊断是有效治疗的前提，马王堆医书蕴含着丰富的中医诊断知识，本文系统梳理马王堆医书诊法、诊病与辨证内容，发现其诊断体系主要具有三大特色：一是四诊初备，原始朴素；二是疾病多类，分型施治；三是经脉辨证，诊治一体。通过对《脉法》《阴阳脉死候》《五十二病方》《十一脉灸经》等文献的综合考察，本文指出马王堆医书虽具碎片化特征，却初步构建了以经脉为核心的诊断思维框架，揭示了中医早期“病脉相应”“以症循脉”的辨证路径。本研究填补湖湘中医诊断学起源研究的空白，对还原先秦两汉时期的中医临床思维范式、探索中医学科体系源流具有一定的参考价值。 |
| 关键词: 中医诊断 马王堆医书 四诊法 辨证论治 脉法 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2025.05.028 |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-19 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（82274412）；国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目（zyyzdxk-2023147）。 |
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| Exploration of the diagnostic application and characteristics in the Mawangdui medical books |
| TAN Duoting, MENG Lichong, LING Jie, HU Zhixi |
| (Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China;Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Accurate diagnosis serves as the prerequisite for effective treatment. The Mawangdui medical books contain abundant knowledge of TCM diagnostics. This paper systematically examines the diagnostic methods, disease diagnosis, and pattern identification in these texts, revealing three distinctive features of their diagnostic system: first, the preliminary establishment of four diagnostic methods in their primitive simplicity; second, diversified disease categorization with type-specific therapies; third, meridian-based pattern identification integrating diagnosis with treatment. Through comprehensive analysis of texts such as Mai Fa (Pulse Methods), Yin Yang Mai Si Hou (Fatal Meridian Conditions of Yin and Yang), Wu Shi Er Bing Fang (Fifty-two Disease Formulas), and Shi Yi Mai Jiu Jing (Eleven Meridian Moxibustion Classic), this study demonstrates that although fragmented, the Mawangdui medical books initially constructed a meridian-centered diagnostic framework, unveiling the early TCM approaches of "disease-pulse correspondence" and "symptom-based meridian tracing" in pattern identification. This research fills the academic gap in studying the origins of Huxiang (Hunan) traditional Chinese diagnostics, providing valuable references for reconstructing clinical thinking paradigms of pre-Qin and Han-era Chinese medicine and exploring the historical development of TCM disciplinary systems. |
| Key words: TCM diagnosis Mawangdui medical books four diagnostic methods treatment based on pattern identification Mai Fa |
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